Subwoofer crossover 80hz or 120hz - Complete Guide

Choosing the right subwoofer crossover frequency can be a bit of a puzzle. With options like 80Hz and 120Hz, it’s essential to understand which setting will give you the best audio experience.

80Hz is generally recommended for better sound quality, but 120Hz can be used with smaller speakers.

So, let’s explore the world of subwoofers and determine which crossover frequency best suits your needs. For more information about speakers, begin your journey with TechySound.

Table of Contents

What is a Subwoofer Crossover?

A subwoofer crossover is when your subwoofer transitions from playing the lowest frequencies to allowing your main speakers to handle the higher frequencies. This frequency setting is crucial because it affects the overall sound quality and performance of your audio system.

Understanding Frequency Ranges

In audio terms, frequencies are typically divided into three categories: low, mid, and high. Subwoofers are designed to handle low frequencies, usually below 100Hz. The main speakers, on the other hand, hold the mid and high frequencies. By setting the crossover frequency correctly, you ensure a smooth blend between your subwoofer and main speakers.

The 80Hz Crossover Setting

Benefits of 80Hz Crossover:

Setting your subwoofer crossover to 80Hz is a common recommendation. This setting is often considered ideal because it provides a natural transition between the subwoofer and the main speakers, ensuring that the subwoofer only handles the deepest bass frequencies. This contributes to a unified and well-balanced sound.

Ideal Scenarios for Using 80Hz:

The 80Hz crossover is ideal for most home theatre setups, especially if you have decent-sized main speakers that can handle frequencies down to 80Hz comfortably. This setting is also great for music listening, providing a tighter and more accurate bass response.

The 120Hz Crossover Setting

Benefits of 120Hz Crossover:

The 120Hz crossover setting allows the subwoofer to handle a broader range of bass frequencies. This can be beneficial in certain situations, particularly if your main speakers are smaller and cannot handle lower frequencies effectively.

Ideal Scenarios for Using 120Hz:

Using a 120Hz crossover can be advantageous in smaller rooms or with compact speaker systems. It ensures that the subwoofer covers more of the bass range, taking the load off the main speakers and preventing them from distorting at higher volumes.

Comparing 80Hz and 120Hz

Sound Quality Differences:

An 80Hz crossover typically results in a more seamless blend between the subwoofer and main speakers, offering a smoother and more natural sound. A 120Hz crossover, while potentially offering more bass, can sometimes make the subwoofer’s location more noticeable and disrupt the audio experience.

Impact on Main Speakers:

At 80Hz, the main speakers only need to handle the mid- and high-frequency signals, reducing their workload and allowing them to perform more efficiently. At 120Hz, they may still have to handle some lower frequencies, which could affect their performance, especially if they are not designed for them.

Types of Audio Systems

Home Theater Systems:

For home theatre systems, an 80Hz crossover is often preferred as it provides a more immersive experience. The subwoofer handles only the lowest frequencies, while the main speakers deliver clear dialogue and effects.

Car Audio Systems:

In car audio systems, where space is limited, and speakers are smaller, a 120Hz crossover might be more appropriate. It ensures that the subwoofer takes on more of the bass, which smaller car speakers typically struggle with.

Portable Speaker Systems:

Portable speaker systems, which often have built-in subwoofers and smaller drivers, might benefit from a 120Hz crossover to ensure a fuller sound without overworking the main drivers.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

Overlapping Frequencies:

One common mistake is setting the crossover too high, causing the subwoofer and main speakers to overlap too much. This can result in muddy sound and phase issues.

Ignoring Room Acoustics:

Another mistake is not considering the room acoustics when setting the crossover frequency. Every room is different, and acoustics can significantly impact how bass frequencies are perceived.

Advice for Choosing the Right Crossover Frequency for a Subwoofer

The crossover frequency of your subwoofer is the point where your speakers start to reduce their output, and your subwoofer begins handling low-frequency effects (LFEs) and bass notes. Most modern AV receivers have an automatic EQ program that sets the correct crossover frequency based on your speakers’ capabilities. It’s usually best to leave these settings as they are.

If you’re using an AV processor, preamplifier, or DSP subwoofer to adjust the crossover frequency in a two-channel or surround sound setup, here are some tips for optimal performance. Critical listening and experimentation are important for achieving the best results.

Explore the full SVS Subwoofer lineup to find the best subwoofer for your TV/movie viewing.

If you know your speaker’s frequency range, set the crossover point about 10 Hz above the lowest frequency your speakers can handle cleanly.
The crossover frequency often recommended, including by THX standards, is 80 Hz.

General guidelines for speaker/subwoofer crossover frequencies are as follows:

On-wall or compact satellite speakers: 150-200 Hz
Small center, surround, bookshelf speakers: 100-120 Hz
Mid-size center, surround, bookshelf speakers: 80-100 Hz
Large center, surround, bookshelf speakers: 60-80 Hz
Very large center, surround, bookshelf speakers: 40-60 Hz
Tower speakers with 4”-6” woofers: 60 Hz
8″–10″ woofers in tower speakers: 40 Hz or Full-Band (full-range) Large

If you’re uncertain about the best crossover frequency for your speakers, use the SVS Subwoofer Matching Tool. It helps recommend the ideal SVS subwoofer and suggests the perfect crossover frequency.

Listen for a seamless blend between your speakers and subwoofer. Ideally, the transition should be smooth, with no noticeable separation in the bass, ensuring everything plays harmoniously together. If you detect a bump in the bass at the crossover frequency, adjust the volume to align with your main speakers’ output.

What is a subwoofer’s ideal crossover frequency (Hz)?

The ideal crossover frequency for a subwoofer typically ranges from 80 Hz to 120 Hz. 80 Hz is commonly recommended to ensure a smooth transition between the subwoofer and the main speakers, avoiding overlap or gaps in the frequency response. The optimal setting can vary based on the specific characteristics of the speakers, subwoofer, and room acoustics.

Is a higher Hz setting better for a subwoofer?

No, a higher Hz setting is not necessarily better for a subwoofer. Subwoofers are designed to handle low frequencies, typically below 100 Hz. Setting the crossover frequency too high can cause the subwoofer to overlap with the main speakers, resulting in muddled sound. The ideal setting is usually around 80 Hz, providing a smooth transition between the subwoofer and the main speakers.

Does a higher Hz setting result in more bass?

No, a higher Hz setting does not result in more bass. Bass frequencies are lower on the Hz scale, typically between 20 Hz and 300 Hz. Higher Hz settings move into the midrange and treble frequencies, which are not associated with bass. To achieve more bass, you should focus on lower Hz settings that emphasise the deeper sounds.

Which LPF setting is ideal for a subwoofer?

Setting the Low Pass Filter (LPF) to 50 Hz is an optimal choice. This configuration directs all frequencies below 50 Hz to the subwoofer while significantly reducing frequencies at 100 Hz and gradually attenuating those around 75 Hz by approximately -12 dB.

What is a subwoofer’s ideal setting?

The ideal setting for a subwoofer involves adjusting the crossover frequency to integrate with the main speakers seamlessly. For most systems, setting the crossover around 80 Hz provides a balanced transition between the subwoofer and main speakers, ensuring clear and impactful bass without causing overlap or gaps in sound reproduction.

Additionally, adjusting the subwoofer’s volume to blend with the overall sound of the system is crucial for achieving optimal performance.

Is 60 Hz considered good for bass?

Yes, 60 Hz is considered good for bass. It is at the lower end of the bass frequency range and provides a strong, deep sound that adds richness and fullness to the music. Many speakers and subwoofers are designed to handle frequencies down to 60 Hz effectively, making it a critical range for delivering impactful and enjoyable bass in audio reproduction.

What are the benefits of setting the subwoofer crossover to 80Hz?

Setting the crossover to 80Hz allows for a smooth transition between the subwoofer and main speakers, reducing the chances of overlap or gaps in frequency response. It also helps to prevent the subwoofer from producing higher frequencies that it may not handle as cleanly as the main speakers.

How do I determine the best crossover frequency for my subwoofer?

To determine the best crossover frequency, consider the frequency response of your main speakers. Set the crossover slightly above the lower limit of your main speakers’ frequency range. Experiment with different settings (e.g., 80Hz, 100Hz, 120Hz) to find the best sound balance for your system and room acoustics.

Can setting the crossover frequency too high or too low affect sound quality?

Yes, setting the crossover frequency too high can cause the subwoofer to handle frequencies that it may not reproduce accurately, leading to muddled sounds. Setting it too low can leave a gap in the frequency range, causing a lack of bass response. Properly adjusting the crossover ensures a seamless audio experience.

Is it better to use the crossover setting on the subwoofer or the AV receiver?

It is generally better to use the AV receiver’s crossover setting, as it allows for more precise control and integration with the entire sound system. The receiver’s crossover setting ensures that all speakers are managed cohesively, providing a more balanced audio output.

Frequently Asked Questions:

How do I know if my crossover is set correctly?

You can tell if your crossover is set correctly if the transition between your subwoofer and the main speakers sounds smooth and natural. Adjustments may be needed if you notice gaps or overlaps in the frequency range.

Can I use a different crossover setting than the one recommended?

Yes, you can use a different setting if it sounds better to you. The recommended settings are guidelines, but personal preference and specific room acoustics play a significant role.

What happens if the crossover is set too high?

If the crossover is set too high, your main speakers and subwoofer might overlap too much, leading to muddy sound and possible distortion.

Are there any tools to help me set my crossover?

Yes, tools like an SPL meter, calibration software, or even room correction systems included in many modern AV receivers can help you set your crossover more accurately.

Do crossover settings differ for music and movies?

Crossover settings can differ based on whether you primarily listen to music or watch movies. Music often benefits from a lower crossover setting (like 80Hz), while movies with lots of low-frequency effects might sound better with a higher setting (like 120Hz).

Does the type of music I listen to affect the best crossover frequency?

Yes, the type of music can influence the ideal crossover frequency. Genres with heavy bass (like EDM or hip-hop) might benefit from a higher crossover setting to ensure robust bass reproduction.

Can using a higher crossover frequency damage my subwoofer?

Using a higher crossover frequency typically won’t damage your subwoofer, but it may cause the subwoofer to handle frequencies it isn’t optimised for, potentially leading to distortion or less accurate sound reproduction. Always ensure the crossover setting matches your system’s capabilities.

Is it necessary to recalibrate the crossover setting if I upgrade my speakers?

Yes, if you upgrade your speakers, you should recalibrate the crossover setting. New speakers may have different frequency responses, and adjusting the crossover will ensure optimal integration between your subwoofer and the new speakers.

Can I use multiple subwoofers with different crossover settings?

While using multiple subwoofers with different crossover settings is possible, achieving a balanced sound can be challenging. Generally, it’s best to set the same crossover frequency for all subwoofers to maintain consistency in bass response.

What is the role of a subwoofer in a 2.1 or 5.1 sound system?

In a 2.1 or 5.1 sound system, the subwoofer’s role is to handle the low-frequency effects (LFE) and provide deep bass, enhancing the overall audio experience. Properly setting the crossover frequency ensures that the subwoofer complements the main speakers.

Can I use an external crossover with my subwoofer?

Yes, you can use an external crossover with your subwoofer to more precisely control the crossover frequency. This can be especially useful in complex audio setups or for audiophiles seeking exact frequency management.

Conclusion:

In conclusion,

Selecting the appropriate subwoofer crossover frequency, whether 80Hz or 120Hz, significantly impacts the overall sound quality of your audio system.

An 80Hz setting is generally preferred for a more natural and seamless transition between the subwoofer and main speakers, while a 120Hz setting can be beneficial for systems with smaller speakers. Understanding your speakers’ frequency response and room acoustics will help you choose the best crossover frequency for optimal performance.

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